Women's Denim
Denim sizing hides most of its variation in two numbers brands rarely put on the size label: rise and stretch percentage. Rise (low, mid, high) shifts where the waistband sits relative to your natural waist, so two jackets or jeans in the “same” size can sit inches apart on your body depending on cut.
Stretch percentage matters just as much. A rigid, 100% cotton denim holds its cut measurements; add 2–3% elastane and the same nominal size will fit noticeably closer, because the fabric is doing some of the work a larger size would otherwise do. Brands rarely disclose stretch percentage prominently, but it's usually in the fabric composition line if you look for it.
Denim also tends to relax slightly with wear — rigid denim more than stretch denim — which is why some brands intentionally cut it to fit snug new. None of that is visible from a product photo. Check the composition and rise callouts on the retailer's own page, and treat the size label as a starting point, not a guarantee.
Women's Denim at retailers
Calvin Klein
Calvin Klein Women's Relaxed Denim Jacket - Blue - M

Gap
Longline Denim Jacket

UNIQLO
UNIQLO Women's Barn Short Jacket Denim, Navy, 2XL, 100% Cotton

Gap
Baby & Toddler Quilted Denim Jacket

Eileen Fisher
Cotton Stretch Denim Jacket

Gap
Oversized Icon Denim Jacket

Gap
Kids Icon Denim Jacket

Eileen Fisher
Garment-Dyed Organic Cotton Denim Jacket

COS
Mock-Neck Denim Jacket

Gap
Corduroy-Collar Relaxed Denim Jacket

Gap
Oversized Icon Denim Jacket
Calvin Klein
Calvin Klein Women's Utility Cropped Denim Jacket - Blue - XS
Calvin Klein
Calvin Klein Women's Relaxed Denim Jacket - Blue - XS

Gap
Longline Denim Jacket

Gap
Barrel-Sleeve Icon Denim Jacket

Gap
Gap × Disney Baby & Toddler Minnie Mouse Icon Denim Jacket

Gap
Kids Eyelet Denim Jacket

Gap
Baby & Toddler Eyelet Denim Jacket

Gap
Baby & Toddler Washed Denim Jacket

Banana Republic Factory
Sherpa Collar Denim Jacket